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| Autor | Ethan M. Shevach |
| Titel | CD4+CD25+ Suppressor T Cells: More questions than answers |
| Zeitschrift | Nature reviews Immunology |
| Ausgabe | 2 |
| Datum | June 2002 |
| Seiten | 389-400 |
| URL | http://www.nature.com/nri/journal/v2/n6/full/nri821.html |
Literaturverz. |
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| Fußnoten | yes |
| Fragmente | 1 |
| [1.] Mag/Fragment 030 13 - Diskussion Zuletzt bearbeitet: 2014-03-10 13:25:32 Hindemith | Fragment, Gesichtet, Mag, SMWFragment, Schutzlevel sysop, Shevach 2002, Verschleierung |
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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 30, Zeilen: 13-29 |
Quelle: Shevach 2002 Seite(n): 397, Zeilen: 397: l.col: 14ff |
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| Several different in vitro protocols have been described over the past few years that result in the generation of suppressor T cells. The activation of mouse or human CD4+ T cells in vitro in the presence of IL-10 has been shown to result in the generation of T cell clones with a cytokine profile different from that of T helper 1 (TH1) or T helper 2 (TH2) cells. Functionally, these T cell clones have inhibitory effects on antigen specific activation of naïve T cells that are mediated partially by IL-10 and TGF-β, and were termed T regulatory 1 (TR1) cells (Groux et al., 1997). A related approach for the generation of suppressor T cells in vitro involves the stimulation of naïve T cells with immature (im)DC. Surprisingly, although these cells produce IL-10, their suppressor phenotype resembles that of CD25+ T cells, as it is contact dependent, antigen non-specific and APC-independent. Immature DC are the ideal population to prime regulatory T cells as they are deficient in costimulatory molecules, and priming with antigen-imDC complexes might even be able to downregulate pre-existing antigen specific immune responses (Dhodapkar et al., 2001). Exposure to TGF-β has also been reported to facilitate the differentiation/expansion of suppressor T cell populations in vitro (Yamagiwa et al.; 2001).
Dhodapkar MV, Steinman RM, Krasovsky J, Munz C, Bhardwaj N. Antigen-specific inhibition of effector T cell function in humans after injection of immature dendritic cells. J Exp Med. 2001 Jan 15; 193 (2): 233-8. Groux H, O'Garra A, Bigler M, Rouleau M, Antonenko S, de Vries JE, Roncarolo MG. A CD4+ T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T-cell responses and prevents colitis. Nature. 1997 Oct 16; 389 (6652): 737-42. Yamagiwa S, Gray JD, Hashimoto S, Horwitz DA. A role for TGF-beta in the generation and expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells from human peripheral blood. J Immunol. 2001 Jun 15; 166 (12): 7282-9. |
Several different in vitro protocols have been described over the past few years that result in the generation of suppressor T cells (FIG. 1). The activation of human or mouse CD4+ T cells in vitro in the presence of IL-10 has been shown to result in the generation of T-cell clones with a cytokine profile that is different from that of T helper 1 (TH1) or TH2 cells.[...] Functionally, these T-cell clones have inhibitory effects on the antigen-specific activation of naive autologous T cells that are mediated partially by IL-10 and TGF-β. These new T cells were termed T regulatory 1 (TR1) cells67. [...]
A related approach for the generation of suppressor T cells in vitro involves the stimulation of naive T cells with iDCs. [...] Surprisingly, although these cells produced IL-10, their suppressor phenotype resembled that of CD25+ T cells, as it was contact-dependent, antigen non-specific and APC-independent. [...] Immature DCs are the ideal population to prime regulatory T cells as they are deficient in co-stimulatory molecules, and priming with antigen–iDC complexes might even be able to downregulate pre-existing antigen-specific immune responses70. Exposure to TGF-β has also been reported to facilitate the differentiation/expansion of suppressor T-cell populations in vitro. [...]71 67. Groux, H. et al. A CD4+ T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific TD-cell responses and prevents colitis. Nature 389, 737–742 (1997). The first definition of the TR1 population of regulatory T cells. 70. Dhodapkar, M. V., Steinman, R. M., Krasovsky, J., Munz, C. & Bhardwaj, N. Antigen-specific inhibition of effector T-cell function in humans after injection of immature dendritic cells. J. Exp. Med. 193, 233–238 (2001). 71. Yamagiwa, S., Gray, J. D., Hashimoto, S. & Horwitz, D. A. A role of TGF-β in the generation and expansion of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells from human peripheral blood. J. Immunol. 166, 7282–7289 (2001). |
The source is not mentioned here although the text is identical up to marginal adaptations. Also the references to the literature are the same. |
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