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| Untersuchte Arbeit: Seite: 49, Zeilen: 1-20 (komplett) |
Quelle: Sajikumar 2005 Seite(n): 45-46, Zeilen: 45:11-24 - 46:1-10 |
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| [It is also certified that formal approval to conduct the experiments described has been obtained from the animal subjects review board of the institution/local government which can be provided upon] request. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their suffering.
2.3. Stimulation Protocols: Induction of late-LTD, early-LTD, late-LTP and early-LTP For inducing late-LTD, a strong low-frequency stimulation protocol (SLFS) which consisted of 900 bursts (one burst consisted of 3 biphasic, constant current stimuli at a frequency of 20 Hz, interburst interval: 1 s, i.e. f=1 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per half-wave; a total number of stimuli of 2700) was found to be the most effective protocol (Sajikumar and Frey, 2003;Sajikumar and Frey, 2004a). This stimulation pattern produced a stable LTD in vitro for at least 8 h. For inducing a transient early-LTD a weak low-frequency stimulation protocol (WLFS) consisting of 900 pulses (f=1 Hz, impulse duration 0.2 ms per half-wave, a total number of stimuli of 900, as ever: biphasic, constant current stimuli) was determined to be the most efficient in inducing early-LTD (Sajikumar and Frey, 2003;Sajikumar and Frey, 2004a). Late-LTP was induced using three stimulus trains of 100 pulses (‘strong’ tetanus: f=100 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per polarity with 10 min intertrain-intervals) (Frey and Morris, 1997;Frey and Morris, 1998b). In experiments with induction of early-LTP, a single tetanus with 21 pulses was used (`weak’ tetanus: f=100 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per polarity, population spike threshold stimulus intensity for tetanization (Frey and Morris, 1997;Frey and Morris, 1998b). 57. Frey U, Morris RG (1997) Synaptic tagging and long-term potentiation. Nature 385: 533-536. 59. Frey U, Morris RG (1998b) Weak before strong: dissociating synaptic tagging and plasticity-factor accounts of late-LTP. Neuropharmacology 37: 545-552. 136. Sajikumar S, Frey JU (2003) Anisomycin inhibits the late maintenance of long-term depression in rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Neurosci Lett 338: 147-150. 137. Sajikumar S, Frey JU (2004a) Late-associativity, synaptic tagging, and the role of dopamine during LTP and LTD. Neurobiol Learn Mem 82: 12-25. |
[Seite 45]
It is also certified that formal approval to conduct the experiments described has been obtained from the animal subjects review board of our institution/local government which can be provided upon request. All efforts were made to minimize the number of animals used and their suffering. 2.2. Stimulation Protocols: Inuction [sic] of late-LTD, early-LTD, late-LTP, early-LTP and depotentiaton For inducing late-LTD, a strong low-frequency stimulation protocol (SLFS) which consisted of 900 bursts (one burst consisted of 3 stimuli at a frequency of 20 Hz, interburst interval=1 s, i.e. f=1 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per half-wave; a total number of stimuli of 2700) was found to be the most effective protocol (Sajikumar and Frey, 2003;Sajikumar and Frey, 2004a). This stimulation pattern produced a stable LTD in vitro for at least 8 h. For inducing a transient early-LTD a weak low-frequency stimulation protocol [Seite 46] (WLFS) consisting of 900 pulses (f=1 Hz, impulse duration 0.2 ms per half-wave, a total number of stimuli of 900) was determined to be the most efficient in inducing early-LTD (Sajikumar and Frey, 2003;Sajikumar and Frey, 2004a). Late-LTP was induced using three stimulus trains of 100 pulses (‘strong’ tetanus: f=100 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per polarity with 10 min intertrain-intervals) (Frey and Morris, 1997;Frey and Morris, 1998b). In experiments with induction of early-LTP, a single tetanus with 21 pulses was used (`weak’ tetanus: f=100 Hz, stimulus duration 0.2 ms per polarity, population spike threshold stimulus intensity for tetanization) (Frey and Morris, 1997;Frey and Morris, 1998b). Frey U, Morris RG (1997) Synaptic tagging and long-term potentiation. Nature 385: 533-536. Frey U, Morris RG (1998b) Weak before strong: dissociating synaptic tagging and plasticity-factor accounts of late-LTP. Neuropharmacology 37: 545-552. Sajikumar S, Frey JU (2003) Anisomycin inhibits the late maintenance of long-term depression in rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Neurosci Lett 338: 147-150. Sajikumar S, Frey JU (2004a) Late-associativity, synaptic tagging, and the role of dopamine during LTP and LTD. Neurobiol Learn Mem 82: 12-25. |
Nur auf Sajikumar and Frey, 2003 bzw. 2004a, wird hingewiesen |
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